The Oncology Reimbursement Landscape
One program, four payment systems — moving in different directions.
A cancer program's margin is not one number. It is the sum of drug economics, the radiation technical component, surgical services, and imaging — and each is being repriced under a different set of rules.
Medical oncology still runs on buy-and-bill: acquiring Part B therapies and billing ASP plus a percentage add-on, where sequestration, biosimilar substitution, and white/brown bagging steadily compress the margin that funds the infusion suite. Our companion Hematology & Oncology page treats that drug-margin book in depth.
Radiation oncology is a different animal entirely. The technical component for IMRT, SBRT, proton therapy, and brachytherapy is capital-intensive and code-driven — and it is the modality most exposed to episode- and case-rate redesign and to the freestanding-versus-hospital-outpatient site differential. Surgical oncology and PET imaging add their own contracting and utilization-management dynamics. The same tumor board can generate very different economics depending on where care is delivered, how it is coded, and how each line is contracted — which is exactly where Fulcrum works.
Illustrative composition. Replace with your confirmed figures before launch; reflects current CMS/MedPAC methodology and public payer data, 2024–2026.